Writing & Language
After reading the passage, choose the answer to the question that most effectively improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the conventions of standard written English. Sometimes the question will include a "NO CHANGE" option. Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the passage as it is.
The creation of today's animated films, frequently hailed for their lifelike artistry, relies heavily on mathematics. Animators use algorithms, or sequences of mathematical steps, to create, for instance, the rounded shapes making up an old man's knobby knuckles or a young girl's bouncy hair. One of the algorithms now considered an industry standard repeatedly subdivides a polygon by splitting and averaging the midpoint of a line. Pixar Animation Studio's Tony DeRose developed it, this algorithm eliminated the problem of discernible edges of polygons by replacing them with the seamlessly rounded curves of the parabolas that emerge as a result of the polygon subdivision process. Innovations such as DeRose's depend on an understanding of applied mathematics in areas such as geometry, linear algebra, trigonometry, and calculus.
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